Equipment Systems & Historical Material Reference — Source-Cited
Labadie Energy Center
Coal-fired power plant·Union Electric Company / AmerenUE / Ameren Missouri·Labadie, Franklin County, Missouri
Source level:
1A Public equipment registry
1B Public agency record
3 Trust payment matrix
4 Industry-system association
This crosswalk identifies the major equipment systems documented in public records at Labadie Energy Center, the reasons asbestos-containing materials were specified for those systems, the material categories historically associated with those system types and construction era, and representative products historically used for those applications.
Source classification: Systems marked Level 1A are documented in EIA Form 860 public equipment registry records. Systems marked Level 4 are based on industry-system association — standard construction practice for facilities of this type and era. No facility-specific primary document has been identified for Level 4 entries and those entries are labeled accordingly.
Product citations: Each product entry identifies the source type for the product-to-application association: trust payment matrix (Level 3), industry specification, or industry-system association (Level 4). A trust citation does not establish that the product was present at this specific facility — it identifies the qualifying product for trust claim purposes.
Legal note: A crosswalk entry does not establish that any individual worker encountered any specific product. Individual exposure depends on work dates, duties, job classification, proximity to insulation work, and other facts specific to each worker’s history.
Industrial fire-tube boiler — O'Brien Law Firm PID reference library
Why asbestos was specified: Combustion Engineering boilers of this design operated at steam temperatures exceeding 1,000°F at the superheater outlet. Asbestos calcium silicate and asbestos block insulation were the only commercially available materials capable of maintaining insulating integrity across the full operating temperature range through the early 1970s. CE boiler erection specifications of this era called for asbestos pipe covering, asbestos block, and asbestos insulating cement as standard-specified materials. Non-asbestos calcium silicate and mineral wool alternatives did not achieve comparable performance or market penetration until after 1975.
Material categories historically associated with this system type & era
- Preformed pipe covering — high-temperature asbestos calcium silicate
- Asbestos block insulation — boiler drum, steam drum, headers, downcomers
- Insulating cement — fitting covers, irregular surfaces, mudded joints
- Refractory brick and castable refractory — furnace walls, combustion chamber
- Asbestos rope and wicking — door seals, expansion joints, observation ports
Representative products historically specified for this equipment type
Unibestos Pipe and Block Insulation
3✓ Pittsburgh Corning 524(g) Asbestos PI TrustPipe covering / block insulation
Source / Citation
Pittsburgh Corning 524(g) Trust TDP — Unibestos amosite pipe and block insulation identified as Scheduled Value Product (pipe-insulation, block-insulation exposure categories). Consistent with power plant boiler applications documented in trust claim submissions.
View source
Active Trust Fund
In re Pittsburgh Corning Corp., No. 00-22876 (Bankr. W.D. Pa. filed April 16, 2000)
Plan confirmed by Third Circuit 2013; trust distributions ongoing
Trust website
Unibestos was Pittsburgh Corning's primary amosite-based high-temperature insulation product. Amosite content made it the specification of choice for temperatures above 300°F in power plant boiler rooms through the early 1970s.
Kaylo Calcium Silicate Pipe and Block Insulation
3✓ Owens Corning Fibreboard Asbestos PI TrustPipe covering / block insulation
Source / Citation
Owens Corning Fibreboard Asbestos PI Trust TDP — Kaylo calcium silicate insulation recognized as qualifying product for high-temperature pipe and equipment insulation applications. Kaylo manufactured by Owens-Illinois 1943–1958, acquired by Owens Corning 1958; asbestos content eliminated circa 1972.
View source
Active Trust Fund
In re Owens Corning, No. 00-3837 (Bankr. D. Del. filed October 5, 2000)
Plan effective October 31, 2006
Trust website
Kaylo was the dominant specification for high-temperature steam line insulation at Midwest utilities through the early 1970s. Units installed 1970–1971 would have used Owens Corning-era Kaylo (post-1958 acquisition).
Insulag and Panelag Insulating Cements
3✓ Pfizer / Quigley Asbestos Settlement TrustInsulating cement
Quigley Company product list — asbestos % confirmed by production date range. O'Brien Law Firm PID reference.
Source / Citation
Pfizer / Quigley Trust TDP — Insulag and Panelag asbestos insulating cements identified as qualifying Quigley products. Quigley was a wholly owned Pfizer subsidiary from 1968 until bankruptcy. Insulag and Panelag were industry-standard boiler fitting cements throughout the 1950s–1970s power plant construction era.
View source
Active Trust Fund
In re Quigley Co., Inc., No. 04-15739 (Bankr. S.D.N.Y. filed September 3, 2004)
Plan confirmed; Pfizer funded trust as Quigley's parent company
Trust website
Quigley insulating cements were standard specification for boiler fitting covers, mudded joints, and irregular surface finishing on CE and other drum boiler types through the 1970s.
Thermo-12 Block Insulation
4⚖ No bankruptcy trust — Owens-Illinois is an active civil litigation defendantBlock insulation
Source / Citation
Owens-Illinois Thermo-12 high-temperature block insulation was documented as a standard boiler drum and header specification at Midwest utility facilities through published product literature and power plant maintenance records from this era. No trust fund. Civil litigation defendant.
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No Trust — Civil Litigation
Owens-Illinois has not filed for bankruptcy. Claims are pursued through civil litigation. Multiple jurisdictions.
OI Thermo-12 was used for boiler drum and header block insulation applications at power plants of this era. Owens-Illinois remains an active defendant in asbestos civil litigation — no trust fund claim available.
De Laval Steam Turbine Company — merchant and naval ship turbine ad. O'Brien Law Firm PID reference library.
Why asbestos was specified: Westinghouse TC4F28 turbines operated at main steam inlet temperatures approaching 1,000°F and pressures over 2,400 psig. Turbine casing insulation, valve body insulation, and adjacent steam piping were insulated with asbestos block and preformed insulation from installation through the 1980s. Valve stem packing, turbine gaskets, and mechanical seals used asbestos compositions specified by Westinghouse's own installation and maintenance documentation. Turbine outages — typically occurring every 3–5 years — required insulators and pipefitters to remove, handle, and replace this insulation.
Material categories historically associated with this system type & era
- Turbine casing block insulation — asbestos block and preformed sections
- High-temperature spiral-wound gaskets — turbine steam flanges
- Compressed sheet gasket material — auxiliary valve and piping flanges
- Valve stem packing — braided asbestos, governor and steam control valves
- Expansion joints — asbestos cloth and rope
- Pump and valve mechanical seals
Representative products historically specified for this equipment type
Thermobestos Block and Turbine Insulation
4⚖ No active trust — successor litigation ongoingTurbine casing and pipe block insulation
Source / Citation
Philip Carey Thermobestos block insulation was documented as a turbine casing and boiler insulation specification at Midwest utility facilities through trade literature, product specifications, and utility maintenance records from the 1960s–1970s construction era. Philip Carey's involvement in asbestos products is documented in litigation and bankruptcy proceedings.
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No Trust — Civil Litigation
Philip Carey Company entered bankruptcy; successor claims have been pursued in civil litigation. See also: Celotex Corporation Trust (Celotex acquired certain Carey operations).
Thermobestos was a primary specification for Westinghouse turbine casing insulation at Midwest utilities. No active trust fund — consult counsel regarding current litigation options.
Flexitallic Spiral-Wound Gaskets
4⚖ No bankruptcy trust — Flexitallic is an active civil litigation defendantTurbine and steam-flange spiral-wound gaskets
Source / Citation
Flexitallic spiral-wound gaskets were the dominant specification for high-pressure steam turbine flange connections at U.S. utility plants from the 1950s through the 1980s. Flexitallic asbestos-filled spiral-wound gaskets are documented in utility maintenance specifications and equipment records from this era. No trust fund — active civil litigation defendant.
No Trust — Civil Litigation
Flexitallic Group has not filed for bankruptcy. Claims are pursued through civil litigation. Flexitallic is a separate company from Garlock Sealing Technologies.
Flexitallic spiral-wound gaskets were the standard turbine-flange specification for Westinghouse and GE steam turbines throughout this era. No trust fund; consult counsel.
Garlock Compressed Sheet Gasket — Style 900
3✓ Garrison Asbestos Settlement TrustCompressed sheet gasket material
Source / Citation
Garrison Asbestos Settlement Trust TDP — Garlock compressed sheet gasket material (including Style 900) identified as qualifying product for steam flange and valve-gasket exposure categories. Garlock Style 900 was standard-issued pipefitter sheet gasket material for steam flanges across utility plant applications.
View source
Active Trust Fund
In re Garlock Sealing Technologies LLC, No. 10-31607 (Bankr. W.D.N.C. filed June 5, 2010)
Plan confirmed 2016; Garrison Asbestos Settlement Trust established
Trust website
Garlock Style 900 compressed sheet was the standard pipefitter-issued sheet gasket for steam flanges on turbine auxiliary systems. Cut to size on-site; cutting and handling released asbestos fibers.
Steam turbine cross-section — braided asbestos packing callout. O'Brien Law Firm PID reference library.
Why asbestos was specified: GE TC4F30 turbines operated at the same temperature and pressure parameters as the Westinghouse TC4F28 units at this plant. GE's own installation and maintenance documentation for TC4F30 turbines called for asbestos-containing insulation, gaskets, and valve packing through the mid-1970s. GE maintenance manuals of this generation specified asbestos sheet gasket material for steam control valve bonnets, turbine steam end covers, and exhaust-hood connections.
Material categories historically associated with this system type & era
- Turbine casing block insulation and preformed sections
- Governor valve and main steam stop valve gaskets
- Generator insulation — early GE generator designs used asbestos paper, board, and tape
- High-temperature valve stem packing — steam control and intercept valves
- Turbine exhaust-hood connection gaskets
Representative products historically specified for this equipment type
Armabestos Pipe Covering
3✓ Armstrong World Industries Asbestos Personal Injury Settlement TrustPipe insulation — medium and high-temperature steam
Armstrong Armabestos Insulation — original catalog page. O'Brien Law Firm PID reference library.
Source / Citation
Armstrong World Industries Asbestos PI Trust TDP — Armabestos asbestos pipe covering recognized as qualifying Armstrong product for pipe insulation exposure category. Armabestos was Armstrong's primary asbestos-containing pipe covering line, used on medium- and high-temperature steam and hot water systems.
View source
Active Trust Fund
In re Armstrong World Industries, Inc., No. 00-4471 (Bankr. D. Del. filed December 6, 2000)
Plan effective October 2, 2006
Trust website
Armstrong Armabestos was used on medium- and high-temperature steam distribution piping associated with GE turbine auxiliary systems at Midwest utilities. Units 3 and 4 were installed 1972–1973; Armabestos asbestos content was phased out through the mid-1970s.
John Crane Type 1 Braided Pump and Valve Packing
4⚖ No bankruptcy trust — John Crane Inc. is an active civil litigation defendantPump and valve packing — braided asbestos
John Crane Packings — original product box, Crane Packing Co., Morton Grove, IL. O'Brien Law Firm PID reference library.
Source / Citation
John Crane braided asbestos packing (Type 1 and related grades) is documented as standard specification for turbine-associated pump and valve packing at power generating facilities in utility maintenance records, product specifications, and asbestos litigation records from this era. John Crane is an active civil litigation defendant.
No Trust — Civil Litigation
John Crane Inc. has not filed for bankruptcy. John Crane is among the most frequently named defendants in asbestos civil litigation. Claims pursued through civil litigation.
John Crane braided packing was the standard specification for turbine-associated pump and valve packing at power generating facilities. No trust fund — John Crane is an active civil litigation defendant.
Carey Super-Light Pipe Covering — original product label. O'Brien Law Firm PID reference library.
Why asbestos was specified: Steam distribution piping at a plant of this capacity operated across a temperature range from approximately 250°F (low-pressure auxiliary steam) to over 1,000°F (main steam headers at the turbine inlet). Asbestos pipe covering was the only material specified for the full temperature range across all piping systems in a single consistent product line. Missouri and Midwest utility construction specifications of this era required asbestos thermal insulation on all steam lines operating above 250°F. Source note: This system is classified Level 4 — industry-system association. No facility-specific piping specification document has been identified for this page. The association with asbestos pipe covering reflects standard utility construction practice for plants of this type and era.
Material categories historically associated with this system type & era
- Preformed asbestos pipe covering — all high-temperature steam and condensate lines
- Asbestos finishing cement — outdoor weatherproofing over pipe covering
- Compressed sheet gaskets — all flanged steam connections
- Spiral-wound gaskets — high-pressure main steam flanges
- Braided valve packing — all steam valves and control valves
- Pump mechanical seals — condensate pumps, feedwater pumps, circulating pumps
Representative products historically specified for this equipment type
Lamons Spiral-Wound Gaskets
4⚖ No bankruptcy trust — Lamons is an active civil litigation defendantSpiral-wound gaskets — high-pressure steam flanges
Source / Citation
Lamons spiral-wound gaskets (asbestos-filled) are documented in industrial gasket specifications and piping maintenance records at utility plants throughout the Midwest from the 1950s through the 1980s. Lamons is an active civil litigation defendant. Level 4 source — industry-system association; no facility-specific Lamons specification document identified for this page.
No Trust — Civil Litigation
Lamons Gasket Company has not filed for bankruptcy. Claims are pursued through civil litigation.
Lamons asbestos spiral-wound gaskets were widely specified for high-pressure steam flanges at utility plants throughout the Midwest corridor. No trust fund — active civil litigation defendant.
Furnace cement documentation — refractory materials era. O'Brien Law Firm PID reference library.
Why asbestos was specified: Large industrial and utility construction projects of the late 1960s through early 1970s routinely specified spray-applied asbestos fireproofing for structural steel because it could be applied rapidly over large surface areas at significantly lower cost than board-type alternatives. W.R. Grace Monokote and competing spray fireproofing products were the dominant commercial specifications during this period. Asbestos content in spray-applied fireproofing was phased out beginning in 1973 following EPA and OSHA regulatory action. Plants in this construction window (1968–1973) were at or near the transition period.
Material categories historically associated with this system type & era
- Spray-applied asbestos fireproofing — structural steel columns, beams, metal decking
- Floor tile and mastic — control rooms, office areas, relay rooms
- Ceiling tile — administrative and control areas
- Asbestos transite board — fire barriers, cable trays, electrical enclosures
Representative products historically specified for this equipment type
Monokote Spray-Applied Fireproofing (MK-3)
3✓ WRG Asbestos PI TrustSpray-applied fireproofing
Source / Citation
WRG Asbestos PI Trust TDP — W.R. Grace Monokote MK-3 and related spray-applied fireproofing products identified as qualifying Grace products for construction-trade exposure categories. Monokote was the dominant spray-applied fireproofing product in large industrial and utility construction projects from the mid-1960s until Grace eliminated asbestos content in 1973. Level 4 source — industry-system association; no facility-specific Monokote application record identified for this page.
View source
Active Trust Fund
In re W.R. Grace & Co., No. 01-01139 (Bankr. D. Del. filed April 2, 2001)
Plan effective February 3, 2014
Trust website
W.R. Grace Monokote MK-3 asbestos content was eliminated in 1973. Plants in the 1968–1973 construction window may have received asbestos-containing Monokote on earlier-constructed structural elements and non-asbestos formulations on later elements. Trust fund active.